IBL SUMMER 2015 GAME REPORT COPYRIGHT BY POINTSTREAK SPORTS TECHNOLOGIES INC. REPORT PRODUCED 20/07/2015 01:07:51 BOX SCORE Game Date: 07/17/2015 Guelph Royals 21 AT London Majors 10 YTD YTD Guelph AB R H BI AVG London AB R H BI AVG S.Silvestri 2B 6 4 1 1 .284 H.Ruiz CF 4 1 1 0 .308 D.Head SS 6 1 5 7 .385 J.Guzman CF,PH 1 0 0 0 .286 C.McLaren CF 7 0 2 0 .322 C.McQueen 2B 3 1 2 0 .342 J.MacLeod RF 5 1 1 0 .250 C.Mombourqu 2B,PH 2 0 0 0 .317 P.Coughlin C 5 3 2 3 .254 P.Lytwynec SS 4 2 0 1 .346 B.Stepien 1B 5 4 2 1 .389 C.Brownlee 1B 4 3 3 1 .336 C.Truex LF 6 4 4 1 .246 B.Sabourin DH 4 1 2 1 .284 M.Sgrignoli DH 5 0 1 2 .154 K.Nishii 3B 1 1 0 0 .311 A.Chan 3B 5 4 3 3 .200 A.Martinez 3B,PH 3 0 0 1 .265 M.Ambrose C,RF 4 0 0 0 .280 T.Carr LF 0 0 0 0 .000 L.Gonzalez C 1 0 0 0 .231 A.Vargas RF 2 1 1 0 .291 S.Refflinghau C,LF 4 0 1 1 .308 50 21 21 18 37 10 10 5 Guelph 5 0 4 0 3 1 0 3 5 - 21 21 5 London 1 1 1 0 2 1 2 2 0 - 10 10 7 2B--D.Head 2 (5), C.Truex 2 (4), A.Chan (3), C.McQueen (3), C.Brownlee (7). 3B--S.Silvestri (1). HR--P.Coughlin (1). RBI--S.Silvestri (13), D.Head 7 (7), P.Coughlin 3 (6), B.Stepien (1), C.Truex (7), M.Sgrignoli 2 (5), A.Chan 3 (7), P.Lytwynec (11), C.Brownlee (17), B.Sabourin (11), A.Martinez (8), S.Refflinghaus (7). HP--B.Stepien (1). SF--D.Head (1), A.Chan (1), P.Lytwynec (1), S.Refflinghaus (1). SH--M.Ambrose (0). SB--C.Brownlee (9). CS--P.Coughlin (1), C.McQueen (4). E--S.Silvestri (9), C.McLaren (2), A.Chan 3 (16), P.Lytwynec 3 (10), K.Nishii (4), A.Martinez 2 (4), J.Skavinsky (1). LOB--Guelph 9, London 11. DP--C. Brownlee(1B). YTD IP H R ER BB SO HR ERA Guelph A.Yuen 4.0 4 3 3 3 1 0 7.33 Z.Pearson (W,1-1) 2.0 4 3 2 1 2 0 2.53 B.Reid 1.0 2 2 2 1 0 0 33.75 S.Price 1.0 0 2 0 2 1 0 6.23 K.Bradley 1.0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3.72 9 10 10 7 8 4 0 London C.Hammond (L,1-2) 2.2 8 9 6 2 1 1 5.55 B.Ferrington 2.1 3 3 2 0 2 0 5.79 T.Rice 2.2 6 4 3 2 0 0 7.71 J.Skavinsky 1.1 4 5 1 0 0 0 5.40 9 21 21 12 4 3 1 WP--A.Yuen (4), B.Reid (1), T.Rice (1). PB--P.Coughlin, L.Gonzalez. HB--C.Hammond (3). SO--C.McLaren, J.MacLeod, M.Sgrignoli, H.Ruiz, P.Lytwynec 2, A.Vargas. BB--S.Silvestri, J.MacLeod, P.Coughlin, M.Sgrignoli, J.Guzman, C.Mombourquette, P.Lytwynec, C.Brownlee, B.Sabourin, K.Nishii, L.Gonzalez, A.Vargas. BF--A.Yuen 18 (118), Z.Pearson 12 (60), B.Reid 6 (21), S.Price 8 (69), K.Bradley 4 (48), C.Hammond 20 (113), B.Ferrington 11 (43), T.Rice 16 (24), J.Skavinsky 10 (41). P-S--A.Yuen 69-40, Z.Pearson 44-22, B.Reid 22-10, S.Price 26-17, K.Bradley 17-10, C.Hammond 68-40, B.Ferrington 37-27, T.Rice 59-31, J.Skavinsky 25-19. T--3:41. Weather: Plate Umpire - Chris Long, Field Umpire #1 - Jamie Corke, Field Umpire #2 - Ray Brownlie PLAY BY PLAY TOP OF 1ST GUELPH ROYALS #31 Santino Silvestri Called Strike, Ball, Called Strike, Ball, Foul, Ba ll, 31 Santino Silvestri putout (6-3) for out numb er 1 #12 David Head Ball, 12 David Head advances to 2nd (double) #54 Chandler McLaren Ball, Swinging Strike, Swinging Strike, 54 Chandle r McLaren putout (strike out) for out number 2 #14 Jeff MacLeod Ball, Ball, Called Strike, Ball, Called Strike, 14 Jeff MacLeod advances to 1st (walk), 12 David Hea d advances to 3rd (14) #8 Patrick Coughlin 12 David Head Scores Earned (8), 14 Jeff MacLeod S cores Earned (8), 8 Patrick Coughlin Scores Earned (home run) #88 Blake Stepien 88 Blake Stepien advances to 1st (hit by pitch) #9 Clayton Truex Called Strike, Ball, 9 Clayton Truex advances to 2 nd (double), 88 Blake Stepien advances to 3rd (9) #44 Marc Sgrignoli Called Strike, Foul, Ball, Foul, 44 Marc Sgrignoli advances to 1st (single), 88 Blake Stepien Scores Earned (44), 9 Clayton Truex Scores Earned (44) #6 Aberdeen Chan Called Strike, Ball, Ball, Foul, 6 Aberdeen Chan a dvances to 1st (single), 44 Marc Sgrignoli advance s to 2nd (6) #31 Santino Silvestri Ball, Swinging Strike, 31 Santino Silvestri putout (3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 5, Hits: 5, Errors: 0, LOB: 2 BOTTOM OF 1ST LONDON MAJORS #14 Humberto Ruiz Called Strike, 14 Humberto Ruiz putout (6-3) for o ut number 1 #6 Chris McQueen Called Strike, Ball, Ball, 6 Chris McQueen advance s to 1st (single) #7 Paul Lytwynec Ball, 6 Chris McQueen putout (caught stealing: CS 2-4) for out number 2, Ball, Swinging Strike, Ball , 7 Paul Lytwynec advances to 1st (walk) #35 Cleveland Brownlee Ball, 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 2nd (doubl e), 7 Paul Lytwynec Scores Earned (35) #33 Brett Sabourin Ball, Called Strike, Foul, 33 Brett Sabourin putou t (6-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 1, Hits: 2, Errors: 0, LOB: 1 TOP OF 2ND GUELPH ROYALS #12 David Head Ball, 12 David Head advances to 1st (single) #54 Chandler McLaren 12 David Head putout (6) for out number 1, 54 Chan dler McLaren putout (3 DP) for out number 2 #14 Jeff MacLeod Foul, Foul, 14 Jeff MacLeod putout (4-3) for out n umber 3 SUMMARY Runs: 0, Hits: 1, Errors: 0, LOB: 0 BOTTOM OF 2ND LONDON MAJORS #26 Kenta Nishii Called Strike, Ball, Ball, Ball, 26 Kenta Nishii a dvances to 1st (walk) #32 Michael Ambrose Called Strike, 26 Kenta Nishii advances to 2nd (32 ), 32 Michael Ambrose putout ( SH 1-3) for out num ber 1 #12 Larry Gonzalez Ball, Ball, Ball, 12 Larry Gonzalez advances to 1s t (walk) #19 Sean Refflinghaus Called Strike, Ball, 12 Larry Gonzalez advances to 2nd (pass ball), 26 Kenta Nishii advances to 3rd (pass ball), 26 Kenta Nishii Scores Earned (19), 1 9 Sean Refflinghaus putout (SF 7) for out number 2 #14 Humberto Ruiz Called Strike, Ball, Foul, 14 Humberto Ruiz advanc es to 1st (fielder's choice), 12 Larry Gonzalez pu tout (5) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 1, Hits: 0, Errors: 0, LOB: 1 TOP OF 3RD GUELPH ROYALS #8 Patrick Coughlin Ball, Ball, Swinging Strike, Ball, 8 Patrick Cough lin advances to 1st (walk) #88 Blake Stepien Ball, 88 Blake Stepien advances to 1st (error by t he shortstop), 88 Blake Stepien advances to 2nd (8 8), 8 Patrick Coughlin advances to 3rd (88) #9 Clayton Truex Ball, 88 Blake Stepien advances to 3rd (9), 8 Patr ick Coughlin Scores Earned (9), 9 Clayton Truex pu tout (4-3) for out number 1 #44 Marc Sgrignoli Ball, Swinging Strike, Called Strike, Ball, Foul, 44 Marc Sgrignoli putout (fly out to the third bas eman) for out number 2 #6 Aberdeen Chan Called Strike, Called Strike, 6 Aberdeen Chan adva nces to 1st (error by the shortstop), 88 Blake Ste pien Scores Unearned (6) #31 Santino Silvestri Ball, 31 Santino Silvestri advances to 3rd (triple ), 6 Aberdeen Chan Scores Unearned (31) #12 David Head Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 12 David Head adv ances to 1st (single), 31 Santino Silvestri Scores Unearned (12) Pitching Substitution 39 Braeden Ferrington subs for Cory Hammond Pitche r. #54 Chandler McLaren Swinging Strike, 54 Chandler McLaren putout (fly o ut to right field) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 4, Hits: 2, Errors: 2, LOB: 1 BOTTOM OF 3RD LONDON MAJORS #6 Chris McQueen Ball, Called Strike, 6 Chris McQueen advances to 2 nd (double) #7 Paul Lytwynec Swinging Strike, Ball, Ball, Ball, Swinging Strike , 7 Paul Lytwynec putout (strike out swinging) for out number 1 #35 Cleveland Brownlee 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 1st (single), 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 2nd (35), 6 Chris McQueen advances to 3rd (35) #33 Brett Sabourin Ball, 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 3rd (wild pitch), 6 Chris McQueen Scores Earned (wild pitch) , Called Strike, 33 Brett Sabourin putout (1-3) fo r out number 2 #26 Kenta Nishii 26 Kenta Nishii putout (fly out to center field) f or out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 1, Hits: 2, Errors: 0, LOB: 1 TOP OF 4TH GUELPH ROYALS #14 Jeff MacLeod Swinging Strike, Swinging Strike, 14 Jeff MacLeod putout (strike out swinging) for out number 1 #8 Patrick Coughlin 8 Patrick Coughlin putout (fly out to left field) for out number 2 #88 Blake Stepien Called Strike, Swinging Strike, 88 Blake Stepien p utout (6-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 0, Hits: 0, Errors: 0, LOB: 0 BOTTOM OF 4TH LONDON MAJORS #32 Michael Ambrose Ball, Foul, 32 Michael Ambrose putout (fly out to right field) for out number 1 #12 Larry Gonzalez Ball, Called Strike, Swinging Strike, Ball, Ball, Foul, Foul, Foul, Foul, 12 Larry Gonzalez putout ( fly out to the shortstop) for out number 2 #19 Sean Refflinghaus Called Strike, Ball, Foul, Foul, Foul, Ball, 19 Se an Refflinghaus putout (4-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 0, Hits: 0, Errors: 0, LOB: 0 TOP OF 5TH GUELPH ROYALS #9 Clayton Truex Ball, Swinging Strike, 9 Clayton Truex advances to 2nd (double) #44 Marc Sgrignoli Ball, Called Strike, Ball, Called Strike, 44 Marc Sgrignoli putout (strike out swinging) for out num ber 1 #6 Aberdeen Chan Foul, Ball, 6 Aberdeen Chan advances to 2nd (doubl e), 9 Clayton Truex Scores Earned (6) #31 Santino Silvestri Ball, 31 Santino Silvestri advances to 1st (error by the third baseman), 31 Santino Silvestri advanc es to 2nd (31), 6 Aberdeen Chan Scores Earned (31) #12 David Head Foul, Ball, 31 Santino Silvestri advances to 3rd ( pass ball), Ball, Swinging Strike, 31 Santino Silv estri Scores Unearned (12), 12 David Head putout ( sacrifice fly to right fielder) for out number 2 #54 Chandler McLaren Foul, 54 Chandler McLaren advances to 1st (single) #14 Jeff MacLeod Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, Foul, Foul, Foul, 14 Jeff MacLeod putout (4-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 3, Hits: 3, Errors: 1, LOB: 1 BOTTOM OF 5TH LONDON MAJORS Pitching Substitution 35 Zack Pearson subs for Adrian Yuen Pitcher. #14 Humberto Ruiz Ball, Called Strike, 14 Humberto Ruiz advances to 1st (single) #6 Chris McQueen Called Strike, 14 Humberto Ruiz advances to 2nd (b alk), Ball, 6 Chris McQueen putout (4-3) for out n umber 1, 14 Humberto Ruiz advances to 3rd (6) #7 Paul Lytwynec Foul, Ball, Ball, 7 Paul Lytwynec putout (sacrific e fly to center fielder) for out number 2, 14 Humb erto Ruiz Scores Earned (7) #35 Cleveland Brownlee 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 1st (error by th e third baseman) #33 Brett Sabourin Ball, Ball, 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 2nd (stolen base), 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 1st ( single), 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 2nd (33), 3 5 Cleveland Brownlee Scores Unearned (33) Offensive Substitution 25 Alex Martinez subs for Kenta Nishii. #25 Alex Martinez Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 25 Alex Martinez putout (fly out to left field) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 2, Hits: 2, Errors: 1, LOB: 1 TOP OF 6TH GUELPH ROYALS Defensive Substitution 25 Alex Martinez moves to Third Base. Defensive Substitution 32 Michael Ambrose moves to Catcher. Defensive Substitution 10 Argenis Vargas subs for Larry Gonzalez at Right Field. Pitching Substitution 15 Travis Rice subs for Braeden Ferrington Pitcher . #8 Patrick Coughlin Ball, Foul, Ball, 8 Patrick Coughlin advances to 1 st (single) #88 Blake Stepien Called Strike, Swinging Strike, 8 Patrick Coughlin putout (caught stealing: CS 2-4) for out number 1 , 88 Blake Stepien advances to 1st (single) #9 Clayton Truex Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 9 Clayton Truex a dvances to 1st (error by the third baseman), 88 Bl ake Stepien advances to 2nd (9) #44 Marc Sgrignoli Ball, Ball, Ball, 44 Marc Sgrignoli advances to 1s t (walk), 9 Clayton Truex advances to 2nd (44), 88 Blake Stepien advances to 3rd (44) #6 Aberdeen Chan Called Strike, 9 Clayton Truex advances to 3rd (6) , 88 Blake Stepien Scores Unearned (6), 6 Aberdeen Chan putout (sacrifice fly to right fielder) for out number 2 #31 Santino Silvestri 31 Santino Silvestri advances to 1st (fielder's ch oice), 44 Marc Sgrignoli putout (4-6) for out numb er 3 SUMMARY Runs: 1, Hits: 2, Errors: 1, LOB: 2 BOTTOM OF 6TH LONDON MAJORS #32 Michael Ambrose Ball, Ball, Called Strike, Ball, 32 Michael Ambros e putout (5-3) for out number 1 #10 Argenis Vargas Ball, Called Strike, 10 Argenis Vargas advances to 1st (single) #19 Sean Refflinghaus Ball, Called Strike, 19 Sean Refflinghaus advances to 1st (single), 19 Sean Refflinghaus advances to 2nd (19), 10 Argenis Vargas Scores Earned (19) #14 Humberto Ruiz Called Strike, Foul, Ball, Ball, Ball, 14 Humberto Ruiz putout (strike out) for out number 2 Offensive Substitution 97 Cody Mombourquette subs for Chris McQueen. #97 Cody Mombourquette Ball, Ball, Ball, 97 Cody Mombourquette advances t o 1st (walk) #7 Paul Lytwynec Called Strike, Ball, Foul, Ball, 7 Paul Lytwynec p utout (strike out swinging) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 1, Hits: 2, Errors: 1, LOB: 2 TOP OF 7TH GUELPH ROYALS Defensive Substitution 97 Cody Mombourquette moves to Second Base. #12 David Head Called Strike, Ball, Foul, Ball, 12 David Head put out (fly out to center field) for out number 1 #54 Chandler McLaren Ball, Foul, Ball, Ball, Foul, Foul, 54 Chandler Mc Laren advances to 1st (single) #14 Jeff MacLeod Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 14 Jeff MacLeod a dvances to 1st (fielder's choice), 54 Chandler McL aren putout (4-6) for out number 2 #8 Patrick Coughlin Called Strike, Ball, 8 Patrick Coughlin putout (fl y out to center field) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 0, Hits: 1, Errors: 0, LOB: 1 BOTTOM OF 7TH LONDON MAJORS Pitching Substitution 43 Ben Reid subs for Zack Pearson Pitcher. #35 Cleveland Brownlee 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 1st (single) #33 Brett Sabourin Ball, Ball, 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 1st (sin gle), 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 2nd (33) #25 Alex Martinez Ball, 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 3rd (wild pitch), 35 Cleveland Brownlee Scores Earned (wild pitch), 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 2nd (balk), 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 3rd (wild pitch), 25 Alex Martinez putout (6-3) for out number 1, 33 B rett Sabourin Scores Earned (25) #32 Michael Ambrose Ball, Ball, Called Strike, Foul, Ball, 32 Michael Ambrose putout (fly out to left field) for out num ber 2 #10 Argenis Vargas Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 10 Argenis Vargas advances to 1st (walk) #19 Sean Refflinghaus Ball, Called Strike, Ball, Called Strike, 19 Sean Refflinghaus putout (6-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 2, Hits: 2, Errors: 0, LOB: 1 TOP OF 8TH GUELPH ROYALS #88 Blake Stepien Called Strike, Ball, 88 Blake Stepien putout (3) f or out number 1 #9 Clayton Truex Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 9 Clayton Truex a dvances to 1st (single) #44 Marc Sgrignoli Ball, 44 Marc Sgrignoli putout (fly out to right f ield) for out number 2 #6 Aberdeen Chan Called Strike, Swinging Strike, 6 Aberdeen Chan ad vances to 1st (single), 9 Clayton Truex advances t o 3rd (6) #31 Santino Silvestri Ball, 6 Aberdeen Chan advances to 2nd (wild pitch) , Swinging Strike, Ball, Ball, 31 Santino Silvestr i advances to 1st (walk) #12 David Head Ball, 12 David Head advances to 2nd (double), 31 S antino Silvestri Scores Earned (12), 9 Clayton Tru ex Scores Earned (12), 6 Aberdeen Chan Scores Earn ed (12) Pitching Substitution 45 Jordan Skavinsky subs for Travis Rice Pitcher. #54 Chandler McLaren Ball, Ball, Called Strike, Called Strike, Foul, 54 Chandler McLaren putout (6-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 3, Hits: 3, Errors: 0, LOB: 1 BOTTOM OF 8TH LONDON MAJORS Pitching Substitution 24 Scott Price subs for Ben Reid Pitcher. Offensive Substitution 27 Julio Guzman subs for Humberto Ruiz. #27 Julio Guzman 27 Julio Guzman putout (2-3) for out number 1 #97 Cody Mombourquette Called Strike, Ball, 97 Cody Mombourquette putout (4-3) for out number 2 #7 Paul Lytwynec Called Strike, Foul, 7 Paul Lytwynec advances to 1 st (error by the center fielder), 7 Paul Lytwynec advances to 2nd (7) #35 Cleveland Brownlee Ball, Ball, Ball, Swinging Strike, 35 Cleveland Br ownlee advances to 1st (walk) #33 Brett Sabourin Ball, Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 1st (walk), 35 Cleveland Brownlee adv ances to 2nd (33), 7 Paul Lytwynec advances to 3rd (33) #25 Alex Martinez Called Strike, 25 Alex Martinez advances to 1st (e rror by the second baseman), 33 Brett Sabourin adv ances to 2nd (25), 35 Cleveland Brownlee advances to 3rd (25), 7 Paul Lytwynec Scores Unearned (25) #32 Michael Ambrose Called Strike, 32 Michael Ambrose advances to 1st (error by the third baseman), 25 Alex Martinez adv ances to 2nd (32), 33 Brett Sabourin advances to 3 rd (32), 35 Cleveland Brownlee Scores Unearned (32 ) #10 Argenis Vargas Called Strike, Foul, Foul, Foul, 10 Argenis Vargas putout (strike out) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 2, Hits: 0, Errors: 3, LOB: 3 TOP OF 9TH GUELPH ROYALS Defensive Substitution 27 Julio Guzman moves to Center Field. #14 Jeff MacLeod 14 Jeff MacLeod advances to 1st (single) #8 Patrick Coughlin Called Strike, 8 Patrick Coughlin advances to 1st (fielder's choice), 8 Patrick Coughlin advances to 2nd (error by the shortstop), 14 Jeff MacLeod put out (4-6) for out number 1 #88 Blake Stepien Foul, 88 Blake Stepien advances to 1st (single), 8 Patrick Coughlin Scores Earned (88) #9 Clayton Truex Foul, 9 Clayton Truex advances to 1st (single), 88 Blake Stepien advances to 2nd (9) #44 Marc Sgrignoli Ball, 44 Marc Sgrignoli advances to 1st (error by the pitcher), 9 Clayton Truex advances to 3rd (44) , 88 Blake Stepien Scores Unearned (44) #6 Aberdeen Chan 6 Aberdeen Chan advances to 1st (fielder's choice) , 9 Clayton Truex Scores Unearned (6), 44 Marc Sgr ignoli putout (6-4) for out number 2 #31 Santino Silvestri Ball, Swinging Strike, Swinging Strike, 31 Santino Silvestri advances to 1st (error by the third bas eman), 31 Santino Silvestri advances to 2nd (31), 6 Aberdeen Chan advances to 3rd (31) #12 David Head 12 David Head advances to 1st (single), 31 Santino Silvestri Scores Unearned (12), 6 Aberdeen Chan S cores Unearned (12) Defensive Substitution 40 Taylor Carr subs for Michael Ambrose at Left Fi eld. Defensive Substitution 19 Sean Refflinghaus moves to Catcher. #54 Chandler McLaren Ball, Ball, Called Strike, 54 Chandler McLaren put out (5-3) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 5, Hits: 4, Errors: 3, LOB: 1 BOTTOM OF 9TH LONDON MAJORS Pitching Substitution 1 Kody Bradley subs for Scott Price Pitcher. #19 Sean Refflinghaus Called Strike, Ball, Foul, 19 Sean Refflinghaus pu tout (fly out to center field) for out number 1 #27 Julio Guzman Ball, Ball, Called Strike, Ball, Foul, 27 Julio Gu zman advances to 1st (walk) #97 Cody Mombourquette Ball, Called Strike, Called Strike, 97 Cody Mombou rquette putout (fly out to left field) for out num ber 2 #7 Paul Lytwynec Ball, Swinging Strike, 7 Paul Lytwynec putout (fly out to the shortstop) for out number 3 SUMMARY Runs: 0, Hits: 0, Errors: 0, LOB: 1